Ni ceros ni unos ...

Some days ago my friend  @pepeluxx  wrote  another post  about INVITE attacks. He spoke about a  @sinologic   project  which allows to everybody passing some security tests to SIP servers. Furthermore he also published a perl script to do the same task. So I implemented it on Metasploit because I think It could be really useful during a pentesting. It’s interesting because these attacks are really dangerous, normally, attackers try to call to expensive locations. This target numbers often have special charges and they make money with this. Here there are two well known examples: http://blog.sipvicious.org/2010/12/11-million-euro-loss-in-voip-fraud-and.html http://snapvoip.blogspot.com.es/2009/02/calls-to-cuba-and-voip-attacks.html I’m not going to deep in this vector because of being a well known (and old!!) one. Basically the attacker tries to make a call using a misconfigured PBX. This is allowed because  SIP RFC  says that an ...

Hi again, while I was checking some demos for our class at Vigo University representing Quobis  I noticed that Metasploit options.rb module (SIP scanning) wasn't working ok. I mean, it was unable to recognize a Kamailio server. Next two pictures show the difference with SIPVicious output: Some time ago, I wrote a post about this module and I remember being a bit surprised because the code doesn't respect SIP protocol at all (but It worked with Asterisk). After a quick view to Kamailio logs my suspects were confirmed, Sanity module was doing right its job dropping these packets. :) Next function defines how requests are created in actual module, If you are familiar with SIP RFC  you probably will notice what I'm talking about. If not, I suggest you to compare it with my  create_request  function of sipflood.rb module.     def create_probe(ip)         suser = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(rand(8)+1) ...

My colleague Antón ( @AntonRoman ) and myself visited last Monday the Telecommunication Engineering School at Vigo University in order to give a talk about VoIP, technologies and project that we’re involved in Quobis . As the year before, we were invited by the professor of the subject  “ Switching laboratory”. , Martín López Nores , to prepare a Kamailio practical exercise. Antón started explaining some basic VoIP concepts and then he went through more advanced ones mainly focused in Kamailio SIP server ( slides ).Then, I made a review and a demo of the most common VoIP vector attacks that we found every day “in the wild” and their available countermeasures ( slides ). As the last course, we extended the mandatory practice with an optional exercise (you can download them from the links below): - 2011-2012 - 2012-2013 We encourage the students to give it a try, I strongly think this practice could be very useful for their professional future. In fact,...

Hi, some time ago I published this post about VoIP information gathering with Metasploit. For a minimal pentesting process, a module capable of bruteforcing discovered extensions password is needed. So I have developed it, if you know SIPvicious suite this module provides sipcrack tool features. Based on available SIP related modules I implemented SIP Digest Authentication algorithm and Msf::Auxiliary::AuthBrute mixin does the magic with possible user/password combinations. This picture shows an example of use in which extension 100 password is discovered ( 100 ). Source code: UDP version TCP version In case you use the module outside a LAN is strongly recommended to add you external IP address (option "EXTIP"), trying to avoid SIP and NAT problems. Bye ;)

Hi, it has been a long time since my last post because of my new job and my final year project ("VoIP denegation of service attacks" for curious) but there is something I found during my tests with  Freeswitch ,  Kamailio  and  Asterisk  that I want to share. NOTE: Really, guys of  Security By Default  blog published us (my good friend Roi Mallo and me) two articles about how to develop modules for Metasploit framework, another two are coming.  ;) During my project, among others, I developed a Metasploit module which can flood SIP protocol with common frames (INVITE, OPTIONS, REGISTER, BYE), I wrote it at Quobis (nice job ;) in order to use it for some private tests because actual software didn´t fit our needs, so we are going to probe how is the behavior of different GPL VoIP servers against this kind of attacks: - Asterisk: I think it needs no introduction, the famous softswitch/PBX software. - Freeswitch: It´s a newer soft...

Hi again!, I said I was going to develope VoIP related Metasploit modules but I was reading PacketFu documentation and I found that wrinting an ICMP flooder couldn´t be too complicated at this point. So I share this code too, I decided to include SHOST and SIZE options too trying to get a more flexible module able to make different flavors of this attack as Ping flood , Smurf or Ping of death . Next pictures show the module in  the same way of last post. Code: ------------------------------------------------------------------------- require 'msf/core' class Metasploit3 < Msf::Auxiliary include Msf::Auxiliary::Dos include Msf::Exploit::Capture def initialize super( 'Name' => 'ICMP Flooder', 'Description' => 'A simple ICMP flooder', 'Author' => 'Jesus Perez', 'License'     => MSF_LICENSE, 'Version' => '$Revision: 0 $' ) register_opt...

There are  very few Metasploit modules , neither Auxiliaries nor Exploits, VoIP related so I have in mind to write some of them in my free time. Today I want to share a UDP flooder Aux. module, which is very simple but perfect for learning, UDPFlooder  is one of the many tools covered in "Hacking VoIP Exposed"  book, considered a reference in this field. Code: ------------------------------------------------------------------------- require 'msf/core' class Metasploit3 < Msf::Auxiliary include Msf::Auxiliary::Dos include Msf::Exploit::Capture def initialize super( 'Name' => 'UDP Flooder', 'Description' => 'A simple UDP flooder', 'Author' => 'Jesus Perez', 'License'     => MSF_LICENSE, 'Version' => '$Revision: 0 $' ) register_options( [ Opt::RPORT(5060), OptAddress.new('SHOST', [false, 'The spoofable sourc...

I recently wrote two posts (in Spanish) on Flu-Project blog about my recent experience in Hackmeeting 2011 (MeigHacks) and some of the issues I treated during my lecture , including W3af and SQLMap . These are the links: - De paso por el Hackmeeting 2011 - Badstore, SQLi y otras chicas del montón Jesús Pérez

Information gathering  is the stage of a penetration test when the attacker tries to  collect as much information as possible about the target. This step is normally composed for footprinting and fingerprinting but, in the case of VoIP systems, we should add extension enumeration to the list. During this last step attacker will attempt to obtain valid extensions/users of the target system. Footprinting & Fingerprinting My favourite tools for these jobs are FOCA and Nmap , it´s a bit strange combination but it fits for me :). FOCA automates almost all the “dirty job” and it is the best with public documents metadata, while Nmap flexibility let me confirm manually all these discovered stuff. Moreover, in the case of SIP Protocol, FOCA also is able to obtain more information from target   DNS SRV records , they work in a similar way during a call that MX ones for mailing. Next picture taken from the blog of its “father” shows an example of them. Figure: ...

En el artículo anterior configuré el entorno necesario para montar el punto de acceso ficticio y dar acceso a las víctimas a Internet, ahora paso a la segunda parte de este ataque que es lanzar el Karmetasploit. Antes de nada, como necesita una base de datos, la forma más sencilla de configurarlo(según sus cradores): gem install activerecord sqlite3-ruby. Ahora arranco Metasploit con el script karma.rc : iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i at0 -j REDIRECT & msfconsole -r karma.rc >> captureKarma.txt - El primero es necesario porque en la página del proyecto aconsejan forzar que siempre atienda el punto de acceso las peticiones DNS y el cliente no use las que tiene cacheadas. - Al arrancar msfconsole hay un error al principio porque dice que el plugin de db_sqlite3 está deprecated , hay que eliminar la primera línea de karma.rc ya que ahora (con Backtrack y Metasploit actualizados) lo carga directamente al iniciar el framework, de hecho vemos que crea la ba...